CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study
Nowadays,
English language is very important to our lives. This language is used
world-widely in sciences, knowledge and technology as well as education,
business, transaction and other activities in the world. In the past, the
Indonesia students start learning English at junior high school (SLTA) as a
compulsory subject. The process continues to Senior high school (SMA). In fact
English is also taught in some elementary schools as the local content lesson
and even in some kindergartens, the pupils are introduction to some English.
The
goal of learning English is to develop people’s skill of communicate. They
involve four skill (KBK bahasa inggris, 2004:7 ). The following are the
curriculum objectives for the first year of senior high school:
a) listening
This skill is not taught spritely but implied in reading and
speaking
b) speaking
This skill is basically an
ability simply oral English to communicate.
c) Reading
The teacher trains the students to
read and comprehend various types of reading material. While reading, they will
also learn new vocabulary items and structure.
d)
Writing
The teacher trains the students to write sentences,
paragraphs, and simple short stories.
In this study the researcher will focus on teaching listening
in senior high school because it is very important for students. Listening is
important to support learning English especially in enriching vocabulary and
gaining a large portion of their education. Therefore consider that listening
suitable for students senior high school, because before the researcher conduct
a research the English teacher said that there are many students in the first
grade of SMA 1 N pemangkat was still low in listening. So, the researcher trains
to give them by using audio visual media to improve students’ listening skill.
1.2
Statement of the Problem
In order to get the
object of the study systematical, the researcher present the problem that is:
“How the improve of listening ability using audio visual media for the first
grade students of SMA N Pemangkat? ”
1.3 Objective of the Study
In
order to clarify the study, the objective is:
1.
To improve the listening skill of the first grade students of
SMAN 1 Pemangkat by using audio visual media.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The result of this study contributes
some benefit to English teacher, students and other researcher. Here are the
benefits:
1.
For English Teacher
The research findings
are expected to be use as a consideration in teaching listening skill in the classroom.
2.
For students
It may motivate students to improve their interest in
learning English since they will find out that listening, especially audio
visual, not always difficult to learn. Their improvement of interest in
learning English will help them master English well.
3.
For Other researcher
The result of this research can be used as a consideration
for those inputs who wants to conduct other researcher that particularly
concerned with teaching English by Using Audio Visual.
1.5 Scope and Limitation of Study
To conduct a more specific study, the research was limited to
a certain subject and aspect as follows:
1.The subject was the first
year students of SMA 1 Pemangkat in academic year 2012-2013
2. It is focused on the
audio visual media used in improving listening skill.
1.6 Definition of the Key
Term
The following are the some definition of important term that
are used in this study:
a)
Audio visual is social institutions and mass communication
vehicles that carry out journalistic activities include processing and delivery
of information in the form of text, sound, images, sound and images as well as
date and graphs as well as in other forms by using print media, electronic
media, and all type of channels are available. (Adji:2000).
b)
Listening
comprehensions is the ability to comprehension and identify the information
that is directly or implicitly stated in the aural text. (Saricoban: 2006).
c)
SMAN 1 Pemangkat at Jl.Pembangunan No. 23, Sambas regency,
west borneo.
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
The
method used in this study is a qualitative method with Class Action Research
techniques (CAR). In a classroom action research, the research can examine their
own against the practice of learning that the researcher was doing in the
classroom, trough the action planned, implemented and evaluated. This is
consistent with the characteristics of classroom action research is the
existence of action specific to improve teaching and learning in the classroom.
According Suyanto ( in Basrowi, 2008:6 ) suggest that a class action research
is a form of reflective that research by performing certain actions in order to improve and or enhance the
learning practices in a more professional.
Meanwhile,
according to Hopkins ( in Basrowi, 2008: 26 ), classroom action research is one
of genius studies of practical action research because it involves activities
that are practiced daily teacher. In short in can be concluded that the class
action research is practical research conducted in the class room and aims to improve the existing teaching
practices.
Stephen
Corey ( in yunus, 2009:105 ) defines research as a set of action that aim to
improve and evaluate the decisions and action taken in the implementation of
such measure. Classroom action research was also described as a dynamic process
in which all four aspects, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection
must be understand not as are solved steps by itself, but rather are moment in
the form of a spiral that involves planning, action, observation and
reflection. Kemiss and Mc Taggart ( Basrowi, 2008: 26 ) the purpose conducting research
process consist of :
1.
To increase and
improvement of teaching that should be done by the researcher.
2.
To improve and increase
teacher professional services in dealing with the learning process.
3.
The realization of the
process of training in the office during the study period.
3.2
Setting
and Subject of the Research
This research will conduct in SMA N
1 Pemangkat. The school is located at Jl. Pembangunan, Kecamatan Pemangkat,
Sambas. The research is conducted through teaching and learning process in the
classroom.
The
subject of the research is the first grade students of administration of SMA N
1 Pemangkat. These classes consist of 31 students, all students are girl. The
researcher chose this class because from the fact and the result of pre-observation,
it was shown that students’ interest and a chievement of listening was still
low.
3.3
Research
Instrument
According to Arikunto ( 2006:149
), instrument is the tool which is used by the researcher in using strategy.
Instrument can measure characteristic such as intelligence, personality,
motivation, attitudes, interest and soon. In the research, the researcher used
the test as the instrument. A test is a set of stimuli presented to an
individual in order to elicit response on the basis of which a numerical score
can be assigned. In this research used and achievement test. The students will
come forward in a group to practice the dialogue they have listened in the
audio visual before.
3.3.1 Observing
The observation will do during teaching and
learning process by using observation form. It observes students activities in
the classroom while they are following the teaching and learning process. This
technique is meant to find out the effectiveness of new technique is being
applied, researcher also take notes. The notes are elaborated as comments to
the student activity. In order to collect accurate data and get reliable
result, the researcher prepared the instrument for the data collection.
3.3.2 Test
The aim of English language teaching in
Indonesia is to equip the student with working knowledge of English (
Nurgiantore, 2009:290 ). In accordance with the statement above, the purpose of
testing in this study is to measure the progress of students listening ability
and also to establish how successful individual students or group of students
have been in achieving the objective. The students performance covers some
components of ability such as listening, pronunciation, grammar, fluency and
content.
3.3.3 Field Notes
This instrument contained the record of
the fact related to the implementation of audio visual media during the
teaching and learning activities that was made by the researcher as the
practitioner teacher. The instrument was utilized as a means of recording
facts, which cannot be put in the observation form. Besides, the information
obtained from the instrument will used for both checking the accomplishment of
the selected criteria and identifying certain aspect or elements audio visual
media in listening that need to be revised in the next plan.
3.4
Research
Procedure
Classroom action research procedure
used in the research is a spiral model of Kemmis & Mc Taggart ( Basrowi,
2008:68 ) consist of cycles, in each cycle consists of several actions. Class
action research implemented through the process cycle consists of four stages,
namely planning, implementation of the action, observation and reflection. The
spiral model is a model of sustainable recurring cycles, with the hope of every
action showed an increase in appropriate changes and improvements to be
achieved.
3.4.1 Preliminary Study
The preparation for this preliminary
study will conducted on February 21, 2013 at SMA N 1 Pemangkat. It will do in
order to get more authentic data concerning in teaching of English in general
and the teaching of listening English especially. The researcher will ask the
English teacher to know more about the condition of school and the condition of
students in listening English.
3.4.1 Preparing the
Criteria of Success
The criteria set up in order to judge
whether the implementation of the action is being affective or not. Thus the
criteria were used to see whether the implementation of the English listening
Skill success or failed. In order to decide whether or not another cycle of the
action is needed, there are criteria used in this research to measure the
success of the action:
a)
The students are
actively involved during teaching and learning process
b)
The students are able
to retell the story from media. The ability to speak here refers to what is
stated curriculum based competence 2004. The students’ achievements will
measure through the evaluation and how the students are involved in teaching
and learning process. THE success of students’ study can be known by analyzing
the result of students’ study by using the minimum standard of success of the
study or Standar Ketuntasan Belajar Minimum (SKBM). It is aimed to know how far
the student achieved or the students are said successful if they get score 70
and for classical competence is 80% students in the class get score
70. Arikunto (2006:149)
3.6.1 The Technique of
Date Analyzing
Data analyze is the way used to process
data and the result of research in getting a conclusion. The implementation of
reference criteria used to analyze research data (Tarman, 2008).Data analyze is
done when every cycle of research is finished. As mention before that research
data are collected, consist of observation checklist, field notes and results
of students’ speaking test in every cycle. To know the product of students’
achievement in listening test, the researcher uses formulation:
The level of success = score that achieved x 100%
The level of success = score that achieved x 100%
Maximum score
The score of formulation
above can be interpreted as follows:
|
Criteria
|
Score
|
Category
|
|
5
|
87-100
|
Excellent
|
|
4
|
70-86
|
Good
|
|
3
|
55-69
|
Enough
|
|
2
|
30-54
|
Low
|
|
1
|
-25
|
Very
low
|
To know percentage of subject that
is achieved that success of study, it can be used the pattern:
KB
= Ni X 100%
N
Explanation:
KB : Classical Competence
KB : Classical Competence
Ni : amount
of student who gain score > 70
N :
amount of student
To know the average score, it can be used the pattern as
follows :
Average
score = Student score X 100%
Student
in class
